ULCERATIVE COLITIS | AGAPE NATURAL HEALTH | ACUPUNCTURE AND HERBAL MEDICINE FOR DIGESTIVE GI DISORDERS

ULCERATIVE COLITIS | DIGESTIVE DISORDERS | ACUPUNCTURE AND HERBS FOR GI SYSTEM | HOW IS ULCERATIVE COLITIS TREATED WITH ACUPUNCTURE?

ULCERATIVE COLITIS:
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and ulceration to the inner lining of the colon (large intestine) and rectum. They are a chronic disease, also known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that have similar symptoms as Crohn’s disease but only occur in the colon. Due to abnormal responses by the body’s immune system, it produces irritation to the inner lining of the colon, causing prolonged lasting inflammation that ultimately leads to ulceration. Ulcerative colitis does not occur suddenly in an individual; the symptoms are developed over time and causes individuals to have flare-ups intermittently. A continuous inflammation of the lining of the colon may increase the chances of developing colon cancer.

ULCERATIVE COLITIS SYMPTOMS
The cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown. Typically, the body’s immune system would fight off any infection the body encounters. However, UC patient’s white blood cells (WBC) that naturally defend the body from any foreign pathogens would mistakenly think food, good intestinal bacteria, and the cells lining of the colon as invader and would send a response to phagocyte (engulf and destroy) bacteria and other foreign materials resulting in chronic inflammation and ulcerations inside the surface of the colon. Symptoms of UC include bloody diarrhea, rectal bleeding, an urgency to defecate and inability to defecate, abdominal and rectal pain, fever, fatigue, anemia, loss of appetite, and weight loss.

Risk Factors are:
Individuals with an overactive intestinal immune system
Inherit gene with ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis generally occurs in both sex between the ages of 15-30 and 60+
Higher risk for Caucasian than any other race

TREATMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS
There is no cure for ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis is treated with multiple drugs or surgery. Doctors would prescribe UC patients with an anti-inflammatory drug to reduce the inflammation, immune system suppressor to suppresses the WBC response to prevent inflammation, and other drugs such as antibiotics, anti-diarrheal medication, pain reliever, and iron supplements to aid in the symptoms UC has caused in the colon. However, not all drugs will work for every individual, and depending on the severity, surgery is required. There are multiple ways surgery can be performed for patients with UC. Surgery can consist of removing part or the entire colon (large intestine and rectum) and reconstruction the small intestine forming a J-pouch to collect stools that are attached to the anus or create an opening in the abdominal for stool to be released. 

ACUPUNCTURE TO BENEFIT ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Acupuncture and herbal medicine induce homeostatic response on the cellular level by influencing the body’s internal organs to correct imbalances in their digestion, absorption, and energy production activities. They stimulate the central nervous system to release chemicals in the muscles, spinal cord, and brain. These chemicals will change the experience of pain, or they will trigger the release of other chemicals and hormones which influence the body’s own internal regulating system. Acupuncture helps ulcerative colitis by reversing tissue damage and reduces inflammation and improves their quality of life. Acupuncture is safe and painless. There are no drugs or hazardous equipment used, and no surgical operation performed.

CASE STUDIES:
According to the Healthcare Medicine Institute, a study has shown that acupuncture helps to eliminate ulcerative colitis. An experiment was conducted on ulcerative colitis patients that were randomly divided into two groups. Results show that group A patients that did a combination of acupuncture combined with herbal medicine and drugs had a total effective rate of 93.1% with 56 days of required care compared to group B patients who only received drugs had an overall effective rate of 75.86% with 81 days of care needed. 

Patients who received acupuncture and herbal medicine has proven that acupuncture has tremendously helped them from ulcerative colitis. Take it from a patient from Chino, California, “I was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis at age 25 and went through a year and a half of ups and downs. My 36 prescribed pills a day were not healing my body, they were simply suppressing the symptoms and creating other health problems along the way. After 9 months of treatment with Dr. Kevin I am 100% drug free today. The doctors told me that I’d be on the prescriptions for the rest of my life and would possibly need a colostomy. With God’s grace and Dr. Kevin’s wisdom I am healed and living a perfectly normal lifestyle.”

“Crohn's & Colitis” What is Ulcerative Colitis | Inflammatory Bowel Disease | Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/what-are-crohns-and-colitis/what-is-ulcerative-colitis/

“Ulcerative colitis” Mayo Clinic, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ulcerative-colitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20353326, March 08, 2018 

“Acupuncture & Herbs Relieve Ulcerative Colitis” HealthCMi CEUs, https://www.healthcmi.com/Acupuncture-Continuing-Education-News/1318-acupuncture-herbs-relieve-ulcerative-colitis-new-study, June 03, 2014 

“ULCERATIVE COLITIS HEALED | NATURAL MEDICINE FOR THE GI SYSTEM | HERBS AND ACUPUNCTURE FOR DIGESTIVE DISORDERS” AGAPE NATURAL HEALTH,http://www.agapeacupuncture.com/blog/ulcerative-colitis-healed-natural-medicine-for-the-gi-system-herbs-and-acupuncture-for-digestive-disorders?rq=colitis, February 28, 2017

5/5 stars

CALL 9 4 9 ∙ 8 7 7 ∙ 8 8 8 9 | EMAIL: info@agapeacupuncture.com

Copyright © Agape Natural Health | Orange County, Southern California | Individual Results May Vary

Agape Natural Health

Patient

August 19, 2019

5/5 stars

Medical Acupuncture and Natural Healthcare Specialist

ACUPUNCTURE AND HERBAL MEDICINE FOR ULCERATIVE COLITIS | PATIENT WAS ON 36 PRESCRIBED PILLS A DAY | NOW 100% DRUG FREE | I AM HEALED AND LIVING A PERFECTLY NORMAL LIFE | From our patient from Chino, California, “I was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis at age 25 and went through a year and a half of ups and downs. My 36 prescribed pills a day were not healing my body, they were simply suppressing the symptoms and creating other health problems along the way. After 9 months of treatment with Dr. Kevin I am 100% drug free today. The doctors told me that I’d be on the prescriptions for the rest of my life and would possibly need a colostomy. With God’s grace and Dr. Kevin’s wisdom I am healed and living a perfectly normal lifestyle.”

WE TREAT DIFFICULT DISEASES UTILIZING NATURAL MEDICINE ONLY | WE SPECIALIZE IN CHRONIC, ACUTE, DEBILITATING, AND DEGENERATIVE DISEASES | ACUPUNCTURE, HERBS, NUTRITION, NATURAL HEALTH ORANGE COUNTY

NATURAL MEDICINE | We treat difficult diseases utilizing natural medicine only. We specialize in chronic, acute, debilitating, and degenerative diseases.

AUTO IMMUNE DISORDERS
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis
Psoriasis
Lupus SLE
Graves' Disease
Crohn's Disease
Raynaud’s Phenomenon
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

IMMUNE DISEASES
Allergy, Sinusitis
Post Nasal Drip, Rhinitis
Bronchitis, Asthma
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
CFIDS & Fibromyalgia
Cold and Flu
EBV Infection
Pneumonia
Bladder Infection
UTI Infections
Inflammation & Swelling
Viral Infections
Viral Herpes
Fungal Infections
Tuberculosis
Mononucleosis
Bacterial Infections

REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS
Infertility, Miscarriage
Natural Pregnancy
PMS
Menorrhagia
PCOS
Endometriosis
Hormonal Imbalance
Female System Care
Tumors & Cysts
Menopause Syndrome
Hot Flashes & Night Sweats
Sterility, ED, Impotence
Low Sperm Count
Prostatitis
Prostate Enlargement
Male System Care

DIGESTIVE DISORDERS
GERD, IBS, Gastritis
Celiac Disease
Crohn's Disease
Colitis, Ulcerative Colitis
Chronic Diarrhea
Dysentery
Constipation
Stomach Pain
Hemorrhoids
Bloody Stools

PAIN CONDITIONS
Arthritis
Back Pain
Bodily Aches and Pains
Cancer & Tumor Pain
Fibromyalgia
Herniated Disc
Migraine Headaches
Stomachache
Urination Pain

LUNG CONDITIONS
Pulmonary Fibrosis
COPD
Lung Nodules
Breathing Problems
Shortness of Breath
Low Lung Function

BONE & JOINT DISORDERS
Arthritis, RA
Osteoarthritis
Bone Density Loss
Bone Degeneration
Osteoporosis
Gout DIFFICULT DISEASES
Brain Lesion
Hypertension (HBP)
High Cholesterol
Diabetes, Hypoglycemia
Phlebitis, Thrombosis
Thyroid Disorders
Hyper- or Hypothyroidism
Liver Diseases, Hepatitis
Liver Fibrosis & Cirrhosis
Liver Tumor
Myasthenia Gravis
Neuralgia, Neuropathy
Chronic Severe Pain

SKIN CONDITIONS
Psoriasis, Eczema
Scaly, Itchy, Irritated
Acne & Blemished Skin
Natural Face Lift
Sagging Skin, Wrinkles
Dermatitis
Inflammation
Hives (Urticaria)
Insect Bites

EMOTIONAL DISORDERS
Panic Attack
Panic Disorder
Anxiety & Depression
Anger, Stress, Fear
Mood Swings, Moodiness
Irritability

HEART & CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
High Blood Pressure HBP
High Cholesterol
Palpitation
Stroke Prevention & Recovery
Hemiplegia
Phlebitis & Thrombosis

We have many testimonials and reviews available at our office for each of these diseases listed above. All are from real patients and we do not pay them or compensate them in any way for giving us their testimonials and reviews. AGAPE ACUPUNCTURE INC. – NATURAL HEALTH ORANGE COUNTY We have never paid for a review or testimonial – that is how you know they are true and trustworthy. They have each signed waivers and are sharing their joy of recovery to give you hope and encouragement. They are 100% real and accurate patient accounts and are medically documented with charts, necessary examinations, blood work, lab work, medical and hospital records. TCM works, Chinese medicine works, Traditional Chinese Medicine Works, Natural medicine works — safely, effectively and without bad side effects. We have the knowledge and clinical experience to help you.

MANY TESTIMONIALS AND 5 STAR REVIEWS | ACUPUNCTURE DIABETES | ACUPUNCTURE ARTHRITIS | ACUPUNCTURE PAIN | ACUPUNCTURE ALLERGIES

We have MANY TESTIMONIALS AND 5 STAR REVIEWS about natural medicine healing to share with you the hope and joy of recovery from our patients. Read more about Acupuncture for Allergies, Acupuncture for Diabetes, Acupuncture for Arthritis and Acupuncture for Pain. We will do our best to help you and are here for you.

ALLERGIES | ARTHRITIS | DIABETES | PAIN | DIFFICULT DISEASES | MANY TESTIMONIALS & 5 STAR REVIEWS | NATURAL HEALTH ORANGE COUNTY | AGAPE ACUPUNCTURE, HERBS, NUTRITION | 714.979.9790

ALLERGIES

“After eight treatments I can’t even remember feeling this good.  No runny nose, no headache, and much more energy.” J.J.

“Eight years ago, I came with bad allergies, a problem that I had for 20 years. I was allergic to food. I had only five treatments and my food allergies went away. I am happy with my results and I have gladly referred my relatives to him.” Thank you, G.B.

“In about 3 weeks my migraine headache and sinus problems disappeared and have never come back.” Thank you, I.R.

“My sinuses are open, the drainage is minimal, and my energy level has been increased.” E.L.

“…the pain from her ear infection went away after only one treatment.” M&L W.

ARTHRITIS

“I can sleep without taking 2-3 pain pills a night.” R.P.

“I can now wash my face, brush my teeth, drive the car and have control of my life again.” B.S.

“The results showed that my blood was free of rheumatoid arthritis. Now I can even ride my motorcycle!” A.Y.

” Today there is no rheumatoid factor in the blood and I wear shoes, walk 3 miles a day, play golf, write every day and I have not taken a pain pill in over a year.” W.D.

“The pains I had for so long are now gone.” D.D.V.

DIABETES

“I would walk a thousand miles! No crutches! No wheel chair! Able to work hard in my garden!” K.G.H., a diabetic patient of 30 years.

“I have lost 66 pounds in 3 and a half months…My blood sugar is normal now. No high blood pressure.” J.S.

“…and now only three weeks later I am feeling like a new person, my esophageal varices are not bleeding, my stomach no longer bloated, my liver is doing better, my diabetes is under control with the diet, my energy level is up, and I’m feeling healthier now.” God Bless You! With Love, S.B.M.

PAIN

“I truly believe that God led me here. I received acupuncture treatments, prescription herbal teas, and food counseling. Dr. Yeh and the caring staff were very helpful and very competent in medicine. Since receiving the treatments, I do not take drug medications, and I no longer suffer from pain. It is all gone.” – P.H.

“4 Treatments in 2 Weeks, My 32 Year Migraines are Gone!” H.T.

“I can stand up straight again and my energy level is increasing.” R.R.

“All pain are gone!…Together, we lost 52 pounds in 5 weeks!”, Rev. and Mrs. S.S., Carlsbad, California

“You have ended almost 30 years of suffering.” P.H.

5/5 stars

CALL 714.979.9790 | FAX 714.333.9317 | EMAIL: info@agapeacupuncture.com
Copyright © Agape Acupuncture, Inc. | Natural Health Orange County | Individual Results May Vary

Agape Acupuncture

Patient 5 Star Reviews

July 2, 2016

5/5 stars

Acupuncture and Herbs

DISEASES TREATED

Allergies | Fibroids | Infertility | Osteoporosis | AnxietY | Fibromyalgia | Injuries | Pain | Arthritis | Gastritis | Insomnia | PMS | Asthma | GERD | Interstitial Cystitis | Prostatitis | Back Pain | Gout | Irregular Periods | Psoriasis | Carpel Tunnel Syndrome | Headaches | Irritable Bowel Syndrome | Rheumatoid Arthritis | Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | Hemorrhoids | Liver Cirrhosis | Sciatic Nerve Pain | Colitis | Hepatitis | Lupus | Shingles | Crohn’s Disease | High Blood Pressure | Menopause Syndrome | Sinusitis | Cysts | High Cholesterol | Migraines | Tendonitis | Depression | Mood Disorders | Hyperthyroidism | Multiple Sclerosis | Ulcers | Diabetes | Hypothyroidism | Obesity | Viral Infections | Eczema | Impotence | Osteoarthritis | Weight Loss

FREE CONSULTATION | CALL 714.979.9790

AGAPE NATURAL HEALTH ORANGE COUNTY: 4750 Von Karman Avenue, Newport Beach, CA 92660 | We invite you to take this opportunity and accept our promotion for a FREE consultation (a $25 value) at our office. he Staff of Agape Acupuncture, Inc. ORANGE COUNTY – Costa Mesa, Irvine, Huntington Beach, Newport Beach, Corona Del Mar, Newport Coast, Laguna Beach, South Coast Metro, South Coast Plaza Awarded Best of Orange County Medical Acupuncturist and Herbal Specialist | We have the clinical experience to help you and many testimonials to encourage you,  please call us 949.877.8889 and visit us at agapenaturalhealth.com

MEDICAL STATISTICS READING CORNER | DISEASES AND ILLNESS | HEALTH AND WELLNESS

Acupuncture Clinic and Natural Medicine Center offers acupuncture, herbs, dietary supplements, and nutrition by acupuncturist and 4th generation doctors in natural medicine for patients. We have treated over 45,000 patients including doctors (MD & Ph.D.), nurses (RN), chiropractors, licensed acupuncturists, healthcare professionals and post-graduates. Many testimonials – Natural Medicine Center receives Best of Orange County award Best Acupuncture Acupuncturist & Herbalist. Our family has been serving patients in the United States since 1980 and serving California for 30 years. Doctors and Licensed acupuncturist with clinical experience and success to serve you. We have a loving medical staff and will do our best to help and support patients to promote, maintain and restore health.

Reading Corner

MEDICAL STATISTICS | DISEASES AND ILLNESS | HEALTH AND WELLNESS

More Americans die from heart disease than from any other illness. According to Time magazine “Special Issue”, Fall 1996, around 60,000 heart valves were replaced each year and between 1992 and 1993, there were 698 pericardium replacements. On the average, there are 1400 hearts transplanted annually in America, with 2361 hearts replaced in 1995 alone. And except during the 1918 influenza pandemic, heart disease has been the number one killer of Americans each year since 1900. A recent article in Prevention magazine noted that one easy way to reduce weight and lessen the risks of heart disease is to decrease television time to one hour a day.

If you suffer from these illness, natural medicine can greatly benefit you. We offer acupuncture, herbal medicine, nutrition, and dietary supplements to help patients promote, maintain and restore health. Call 714.979.9790 for a free consultation. Below are alarming statistics regarding health and wellness in the United States.

Each year, around 500,000 Americans suffer from stroke. One in four American adults have high blood pressure (hypertension) and one third are not even aware of the condition. Hypertension statistics are among the most difficult to determine, in part due to the number of non-symptomatic patients. Further, rates for males and females are often combined. For example, although the rate for Korean Americans is estimated to be 16% of the population, it has been found that the rate for men is closer to 22%, while that for women is only 3%. In general, Asians have hypertension at lower rates than other ethnic groups. The rates for hypertension are exceptionally higher for African-Americans. It is a leading health concern for African-Americans and those with hypertension are 5 times more likely to develop chronic heart failure and 10 times more likely to suffer from kidney failure than the general population. Contributing factors may include obesity, high sodium intake, low potassium intake (due to low fruits and vegetables consumption), and socio-economic pressures.

Over 40% of deaths in the U.S. are due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is estimated that more than 1 in every 5 persons has some form of CVD (which also includes hypertension, stroke, and rheumatic heart disease).

In 1993, the American Cancer Society predicted that about 33% of Americans will eventually develop some form of cancer. In the early 1990s, nearly six million new cancer cases and more than four million deaths from cancer were being reported worldwide each year. In the United States during the early 1990s, more than one-fifth of all deaths was caused by cancer.  In 1996, there were an estimated 158,700 lung cancer deaths, 56,040 colon and rectum cancer deaths, and 27,800 pancreas cancer deaths. That same year, about 44,300 females died from breast cancer, 14,800 died from ovarian cancer, and 41,400 males died from prostate cancer. A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine showed that women who took synthetic estrogen for six or more years beyond menopause had a 45% greater risk of breast cancer. In women 60 to 64, the risk rose to 71%. The American Cancer Society study of 240,000 women showed that those who took synthetic estrogen for at least six years had a 40% increase risk of fatal ovarian cancer. In 1997, the American Cancer Society published the incidence of cancer in the U.S. from 1988 to 1992.  These statistics stated that African-American males and Anglo-American males have the highest rates of cancer, while Korean and Native American women have the lowest.

25 million Americans are affected by osteoporosis. These are mostly women, over the age of 50. Osteoporosis results in 1.5 million fractures per year, costing patients $10 billion in hospital and nursing home care.

Between 1983 and 1993, the number of hip replacements increased from 49,000 to 83,000. Knee replacements almost quadrupled to 131,000 in the U.S. between 1983 and 1993.

Genital herpes, caused by the herpes simplex virus, affects 20 million Americans, with 500,000 new cases annually.

16 million Americans are plagued with Type I or Type II diabetes. Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) is of special interest to nutritionists, and shows wide divergence in prevalence rates. The CDC reported in 1993, the rates of NIDDM by population group, determined through national surveys and specific studies: African Americans, 9.6 percent; American Indians, 5-50 percent (depending on tribal affiliation); Cuban Americans, 9.1 percent; Japanese Americans, women – 16 percent, men – 20 percent; Puerto Ricans, 10.9 percent; and Caucasian American, 6.2 percent. Other differences have been noted. Native Hawaiians have twice the rate of Koreans and Filipinos living in the United States. Japanese, Asians, Indians, and Samoans have shown rapidly increasing rates after immigrating to the U.S. as compared to other Asians and Pacific Islanders.
285,000 unnecessary hysterectomies are performed each year in the U.S.

10 million U.S. men suffer from impotence.

2.4 million Americans suffer from panic disorder and 30% of these people develop agoraphobia, which is the fear of leaving home.

Lyme disease causes flu-like symptoms in 100,000 Americans yearly.

There are 1.6 million emphysema sufferers in the United States.

10 million patients suffer from incontinence in the U.S.

23 million Americans suffer from migraines – women three times more often than men do. It is estimated that 25-30% of the female population has experienced migraines.

Sleep disorders, such as narcolepsy (sudden overpowering episodes of daytime sleepiness) affect 200,000 Americans and insomnia affects about 9%.

There are more than 44,000 cornea and 6200 sclera repairs and replacements performed each year in the United States.

Since 1988, there have been more than 23,000 liver transplants.

The death rate from asthma, which attacks 12 million Americans annually, has grown 6% each year since the late 1970s.

11,000 American people have become paralyzed each year due to spinal cord injuries.

HIV infection and AIDS have hit ethnic groups disproportionately. Over half of AIDS cases occur in African-Americans and Mexican-Americans, although they comprise less than 1/4 of the total U.S. population. These figures are even more alarming for women and children: 75% of AIDS cases in women occur among African-Americans and Mexican-Americans; and 80% of cases among children are African-Americans and Mexican-Americans. As of 1995, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported that the total number of cases (501,310) were distributed as follows: cases among Asians/Pacific Islanders living in the U.S., 3,457; cases among African-Americans, 170,271; cases among Mexican-Americans, 87,387; and cases among Native Americans, 1,283.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) may be caused by many primary conditions, particularly diabetes and hypertension. Incidence rate (by percentage in each group) varies by ethnicity. Renal failure among Mexican-Americans showed that hypertension was the primary diagnosis in 40% of cases among non-Hispanic African-Americans, but for only 25% of cases in Hispanic African-Americans. The reverse was true for diabetes, which accounted for 25% of cases among non-Hispanic African-Americans, and for 39% of cases in Hispanic African-Americans. Diabetes was the primary cause of ESRD in 27% of non-Hispanic Anglo-Americans, but for 45% of Hispanic-Americans. This accounts for the variation in rates found in the broader categories of African-Americans and Anglo-Americans.

Infant mortality rates are some of the most detailed, demonstrating a large variation between ethnic groups. The gap between Anglo-Americans and African-Americans infant deaths has widened since 1950. Those for many Asians/Pacific Islanders and Hispanics living in the U.S. are lower than for Anglo-Americans, but not for all Asian-Americans and Mexican Americans. The rates for native Hawaiians and Puerto Ricans are higher. Rates for Native Americans are also high. Discrepancies are thought due largely to premature and low-birth weight births.

Overweight is increasing in most U.S. population groups. It has gone up 36% since 1960.
Natural Medicine Center can help to restore, promote and maintain health through acupuncture, acupuncturist, herbs, dietary supplements and nutrition.  We can help with the oncoming healthcare crisis by supporting and complementing modern medicine.  Natural medicine is very good for prevention and treating the cause of the health problems.

Serving patients in Costa Mesa, Irvine, Newport Beach, Newport Coast, Corona Del Mar, Huntington Beach, Tustin, Aliso Viejo, Mission Viejo, Laguna Woods, Laguna Beach, Laguna Hills, Laguna Niguel, Brea, Yorba Linda, Santa Ana, Anaheim, Talega, Trabuco Canyon, Villa Park, Portola Hills, Balboa, Buena Park, Westminster, Garden Grove, La Habra, Anaheim Hills, Silverado Canyon, Placentia, Fullerton, Orange, Rancho Santa Margarita, Seal Beach, Ladera Ranch, Lake Forest, Fountain Valley, Stanton, Cypress, La Palma, Los Alamitos, Monarch Beach, Cote De Caza, Dove Canyon, Foothill Ranch, Dana Point, San Juan Capistrano, San Clemente, Orange County, and the surrounding Los Angeles County and San Diego County.  We are licensed acupuncturist by the state of California. Natural Medicine Center, herbs, acupuncture, and acupuncturist serving you with gentle loving care and top quality medical excellence for Acupuncture Clinic and Natural Medicine Center offers acupuncture, herbs, dietary supplements, and nutrition by acupuncturist and 4th generation doctors in natural medicine for patients.